Harvard Business Review: Why Business is Stuck on Income Inequality
... This underscores a bigger dilemma facing the business community. The big rise in economic inequality over the past four decades is partly the result of impersonal economic forces — technological change, mostly — but political decisions have played a crucial role as well. Financial market deregulation, tax-code changes, and all manner of other policy choices in the have promoted inequality in the U.S., as Jacob S. Hacker and Paul Pierson demonstrated pretty convincingly in their 2010 book Winner-Take-All Politics. And similar moves were made in much of the rest of the world.
Who pushed for these changes? Well, businesspeople, of course. Often for very good reason: to spur economic growth, to increase a particular country's economic competitiveness, even to promote personal freedom in the face of a stifling government. But pendulums always swing too far. Economist Mark Thoma put it well earlier this month:
There is an equivalent of a Laffer curve for inequality, but the variable of interest is economic growth rather than tax revenue. We know that a society with perfect equality does not grow at the fastest possible rate. When everyone gets an equal share of income, people lose the incentive to try and get ahead of others. We also know that a society where one person has almost everything while everyone else struggles to survive — the most unequal distribution of income imaginable — will not grow at the fastest possible rate either. Thus, the growth-maximizing level of inequality must lie somewhere between these two extremes.
Assuming we're near or have passed that growth-maximizing level of inequality, in the U.S. at least, the business community as a whole would be better off if the trend toward inequality slowed or reversed. But business people are accustomed to pushing for policies that tend to increase inequality, and are loathe to reverse their stances on tax rates, free trade, and free financial markets. As a result, businesspeople who worry about inequality have over the years tended to focus on improving educational opportunities. But you can't say those efforts have made a noticeable dent in the inequality trend.
Business folks would seem to be stuck. They need a more equal distribution of wealth and income to continue thriving. But it doesn't seem to be in any businessperson's immediate interest — and in many cases contradicts deeply held beliefs — to make the sort of decisions or support the sorts of government policies that might halt the trend toward more inequality.
As I've posted before, inequality among the bottom 99% of the population has not changed that much in the last thirty years. The change is with the top 1%, especially the top .1%. I think poor regulation of the financial markets is a key piece of this.
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